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“Only the dead have seen the end of war.”Plato

Photograph of a Fateh-110 (Conqueror) single-stage, solid-propellant, surface-to-surface Iranian missile capable of covering a range of 300 kilometers. On August 2012, Iran successfully test-fired the fourth generation of these deadly missiles. Credit: The New York Times.com

On the 3rd and 5th of May, 2013, Israel is reported to have hit shipments of Fateh-110 in Syria that were allegedly destined for Hezbollah.  Israel said it would not tolerate “game-changing weapons” falling into the hands of terrorists in Lebanon.  Israel’s Mossad is fully aware that the Syrians have started to restructure and modernize their ballistic missile forces.  They aren’t taking any chances, knowing that Syria has received more lethal and dangerous missiles from Iran and North Korea.

On Sunday, May 5, 2013, Israeli warplanes struck areas in and around Damascus, setting off a series of explosions as they targeted a shipment of highly accurate, Iranian-made guided missiles believed to be on their way to Lebanon’s Hezbollah militant group.

The attack is the second in three days.  The specific target was Fateh-110 missiles, which have precision guidance systems with better aim than anything Hezbollah is known to have in its arsenal.  The Fateh-110 or Conqueror, is a short-range ballistic missile developed by Iran and first put into service in 2002.  Iran unveiled an upgraded version in 2012 that improved the weapon’s accuracy and increased its range to 300 kilometers (185 miles).

An Israeli official said the air strikes are aimed at advanced “game-changing” weapons, but not chemical arms.  The target was a shipment of advanced, long-range ground-to ground missiles.   This solid-fuel missile could strike with pin-point precision, making it the most accurate weapon of its kind in Iran’s arsenal.  In the hands of Hezbollah, Fatah or Hamas  militants, it means highly consequential destruction to Israel’s urban centers.  Hezbollah is estimated to have 60,000 missiles in Lebanon, more than enough to deter Israeli attacks, and to strike back.  It is estimated that Hezbollah has 5,000 full-time fighters and as many as 15,000 in reserve.

Israel and Hezbollah fought an inconclusive 34-day war in 2006 that left 1,200 Lebanese and 160 Israelis dead.  Israeli officials believe that Hezbollah’s arsenal has markedly improved since 2006, and now boasts tens of thousands of rockets and missiles capable of striking almost anywhere inside Israel.  Israel is determined to prevent the transfer of chemical weapons or other game-changing weaponry by the Syrian or North Korean regime to terrorists, specially to Hezbollah in Lebanon, specifically the Beqaa valley and the Gaza strip.

The Beqaa valley is no stranger to war.  The Allies and Vichy French fought here during the Second World War.  Most notoriously, the Israeli Army battled Yasser Arafat’s PLO, and later, the Syrian army in the Beqaa Valley in 1982.  It’s certainly a strategic area next to Israel that requires special attention by Israel’s military intelligence.  All military movements within this geographic area are well monitored by overhead drones and expensive spy satellites.

The air force, which has been responsible for all launches from Israel, says there are six “observational satellites” in orbit, four owned by the state and two privately owned craft. These provide imagery and other data to the military’s Intelligence Corps, which has operational control of the satellites once they’re in orbit.

Only one of the six satellites, the high-resolution TecSar 1, which carries an advanced imaging system called Synthetic Aperture Radar, is able to send images at night and in bad weather. Deep in the ground at a military base in central Israel is the heart of the Israeli spy satellites operations. From this facility they are operated and in special rooms their images are being translated into working data.

Some foreign publications say that Israel has built a “Bank” of targets that are being monitored 24/7. These are of course Iran’s nuclear sites and the routes which are being used to transfer rockets and other weapon systems into Gaza and Lebanon. A senior Israeli official signaled on Wednesday, that Israel was considering further military strikes on Syria to stop the transfer of advanced weapons to Islamic militants, and he warned the Syrian president, Bashar al-Assad, that his government would face crippling consequences if it retaliated against Israel.

The Israeli official said: “Israel is determined to continue to prevent the transfer of advanced weapons to Hezbollah. The transfer of such weapons to Hezbollah will destabilize and endanger the entire region.” “If Syrian President Assad reacts by attacking Israel, or tries to strike Israel through his terrorist proxies,” the official said, “he will risk forfeiting his regime, for Israel will retaliate.”

American and Israeli political analysts agree that Israel has little motive to intervene in Syria’s civil war, but is deeply concerned about the transfer of advanced weapons, as well as the danger that Mr. Assad’s stockpiles of chemical weapons could be used against Israel.

It’s not a military secret that Hezbollah has anti-tank rockets (Fadjir-7), mortars and advanced missiles among its arsenal, plus thousands of well-trained fighters, all organized into platoons and companies.  The mullahs have also sworn to annihilate Israel, the eternal home of the Jewish people.  Many military analysts claim that Iran is building nuclear weapons to blow Israel out of the map.  This is against international law.  You can bet your bird that Israel will not wait long before it strikes Iran’s nuclear installations.  The big question is not “if” but “when”.

The Middle East is at this very moment, the most dangerous and explosive spot on the globe—anything can happen.  Nuclear bombs are nothing to play with, and yet this is precisely what is taking place—take a close look at Iran’s and North Korea’s nuclear programs.  Good Day.

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Computer-generated picture depicting a small boy before the Panama Metro sometime in the future when the transportation project is operating. This is how one of the stations will look like. Picture courtesy of Metro de Panamá.

If are a regular reader of Lingua Franca, you probably know that I’ve followed the Panama Metro like a laser beam.  I want to know everything that happens with this landmark public transportation project.  It will be the next big thing in Panama after the expansion of the Panama Canal.

Recently, watching the news, I found out that a real scale model of a subway car was going to be exhibited at the XXI version of EXPOCOMER 2013 organized by the Panama Chamber of Commerce, Industries and Agriculture of Panama.  EXPOCOMER is the largest commercial fair in Latin America.  More than 36 countries show their products to potential customers for three days.  According to a representative of EXPOCOMER, Panama´s economy was injected with $35 million during the event (hotel reservations, restaurants, taxi fares, shopping, tourist tours, souvenirs sales and so on and so forth and such like) and more than $80 million were generated in sales for same period.  Each passing year the numbers grow like mushrooms in a forest.

At midday on Saturday, April 20, 2013 I dashed over to EXPOCOMER to see how the Metro car looked like.  The real scale model represented one half of the real size of car, measuring about 9 meters long by 2.7 meters wide.  I was jumping out of my skin to shoot my pictures of this baby.

Before I insert the pictures taken, I would like to include a brief description of this mega-project for your ready reference.

EL METRO DE PANAMÁ

The first subway in Panama will have 19 trains hauling three passenger coaches each with a capacity to transport safely and reliably, initially up to 15,000 passengers per hour in each direction.  The mass transportation system is designed to carry up to 40,000 users per hour in each direction when it’s in full operation. The first of three branches is built on the route with the most demand for public transportation within the metropolis.

The first phase of Metro Line 1 will have 19 trains with a total of 57 cars, with a maximum capacity of 250 people per car, at a rate of 8 persons per square meter.  At full capacity Line 1 of the Panama Metro will have a fleet of 42 trains of 5 cars per train, which will allow the system to meet the transportation demand for that moment.  The first Panama Metro trains will be arriving about June 2013.

The Panama Metro is a mass transportation public project which consists of twelve stations; seven will be underground and five above ground.  The planned route is 14 kilometers long and should be completed in a time frame of about 23 minutes.  The designers of the system claim that there will be a train crossing the route every three minutes carrying a total of 15,000 passengers in each direction, (e.g., North and South).

The mega-project of Line One of the Panama Metro was awarded to Odebrecht of Brazil and Spanish FCC (Fomento de Construcciones y Contratas).  The trains were designed by the prestigious French corporation Alstom, focused on the business of manufacturing trains.

The above-ground or viaduct of the subway initiates at the Los Andes shopping center and concludes at Plaza Agora, where the trains descends into a tunnel until it reaches its destination at the Albrook Grand Terminal.  This raised section is 5.12 kilometers long with five passenger stations in strategic locations with a high flow of users.

The under-ground part of the subway begins from Plaza Agora, continues through Fernández de Córdoba Avenue, Justo Arosemena Avenue, Plaza 5 de Mayo and the DIJ.  This part of the subway is 6.7 kilometers long.  There is an extra stretch of 1.88 kilometers until the infrastructure reaches Albrook Station  where it connects with a main transportation terminal through a special walkway.

The average speed of the subway will be 80 kilometers per hour.  Transportation service will be from 5:00 a.m. through 11:00 p.m. every day of the year.  It is estimated that the Panama Metro will begin its operations during the first quarter of 2014.  The project has a total cost of $1.5 billion which is significant for a small country like Panama with limited financial resources.  Work has already begun on feasibility studies for a second line which will be carried out by the next administration.

Passenger Stations of the Panama Metro:

  1.  Los Andes
  2. Pan de Azúcar
  3. San Miguelito
  4. Pueblo Nuevo
  5. Doce de Octubre
  6. Vía Fernández de Córdoba
  7. Vía Argentina
  8. Iglesia del Carmen
  9. Hospital Santo Tomás
  10. Lotería Nacional de Beneficiencia
  11. Plaza 5 de Mayo
  12. Albrook Terminal

PICTURE GALLERY

Snapshot of the white tent which housed the real scale model of a subway car on exhibition at EXPOCOMER. Photo by ©Omar Upegui R.

Snapshot of the Panama subway exhibited at the XXI version of EXPOCOMER in Panama City, Panama. Photo by ©Omar Upegui R.

Photo by ©Omar Upegui R.

Photo by ©Omar Upegui R.

Snapshot of the driver’s cabin depicting a small computer screen a several operating buttons. Everything is computerized in this mass public transportation project. Photo by ©Omar Upegui R.

A close up picture of the dashboard of the subway. Photo by ©Omar Upegui R.

A digital indicator of the different stations of the subway. As soon as the train reaches a particular station, a light will show the arrival of the train on the wall. Very easy to find yourself around if you are a newcomer to the subway. Photo by ©Omar Upegui R.

Snapshot of one of the beautiful guides posing for the camera. Photo by ©Omar Upegui R.

Photo by ©Omar Upegui R.

Snapshot of three enthusiastic guests at the subway posing for the camera. Their friendly smiles is contagious. Photo by ©Omar Upegui R.

Photo by ©Omar Upegui R.

Snapshot of Yours Truly taking a picture of the subway car through a large mirror on one of walls of the structure. Photo by ©Omar Upegui R.

To end this fascinating tour to the Panama Metro, I thought it would be interesting to insert a YouTube video of the project.  Even though the video is in Spanish, I’m sure you will understand the concept of the transportation project.  Please stay tuned, there will be more pictures about this project in the future.  You can bet on it. Keep your eyes open.  Good Day.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k3BTs71TtvY

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During the days when the Panama Canal Zone was a reality, the highway that divided the Canal Zone with Panama City was a busy and highway known as Fourth of July Avenue.  After the Panama Canal Treaties, the name was changed to Martyrs’ Avenue after the unfortunate and violent events of January 9, 1964.

Martyrs’ Day is a Panamanian holiday which commemorates the January 9, 1964 riots over sovereignty of the Panama Canal Zone. The riot started after a Panamanian flag was torn during conflict between Panamanian students and Canal Zone Police officers, over the right of the Panamanian flag to be flown alongside the U.S. flag.

U.S. Army units became involved in suppressing the violence after Canal Zone police were overwhelmed, and after three days of fighting, about 21 Panamanians and four U.S. soldiers were killed. The incident is considered to be a significant factor in the U.S. decision to transfer control of the Canal Zone to Panama through the 1977 Torrijos-Carter Treaties.

As I write this blog post, this important thruway—which connects the metropolis to the countrywide using the Bridge of the Americas—is being expanded and a monument to the martyrs is planned to be built on a rotunda in the middle of the highway.  The street will have seven lanes, being the widest highway in the city, and the only one with a short a four-lane-tunnel.  It’s a very impressive infrastructure.

Below are several pictures depicting the expansion being carried out by the Ministry of Public Works (Ministerio de Obras Públicas).  The monument to the martyrs is not yet ready and the expansion is still underway.

Snapshot of a large billboard depicting the expansion of the Fourth of July Avenue. The construction company in charge of the expansion is Conalvías. Photo by ©Omar Upegui R.

Snapshot of a tunnel leading to the Bridge of the Americas crossing the Panama Canal in Panama City, Panama. The building on your left is the Instituto Nacional, a large high school in the city. Photo by ©Omar Upegui R.

Snapshot of a tunnel in the direction of Panama City. The white building in the background was the late PanAm building which was looted and torched during the unfortunate incidents of January 9, 1964. It now houses a government entity—Banco de Desarrollo Agropecuario (BDA). Photo by ©Omar Upegui R.

Photo by ©Omar Upegui R.

This is the site where the monument honoring the martyrs of the events of January 9, 1964 will be built. As you can see it has a circular shape in the middle of the highway. Photo by ©Omar Upegui R.

Photo by ©Omar Upegui R.

Snapshot of depleted buildings next to the Fourth of July Avenue. There is an urban development project in the drawing table to transform this place into a sophisticated tourist area with shops, restaurants, hotels and other facilities. Photo by ©Omar Upegui R.

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After the Canal Zone was turned over by the United States to Panama, there has been a consistent construction activity in the area.  Hotels, restaurants, museums, housing projects, bridges, highways, airports and other installations are being built day and night.

Just getting there is difficult for me, since most of the streets I knew have been modified, plus the traffic volume has increased tremendously.   Since many government agencies have moved their offices to this area, many people are either taking a bus or driving to work.  This creates traffic jams during the whole day, not only at rush hours.

Sometimes I wonder if excessive building contributes to the quality of life of a city dweller or makes his life more difficult.  Keeping a balance between progress or status quo is a challenging act.  At my age I prefer to live outside urban areas where you can enjoy the slow pace of small communities.  My wife and I are giving a serious thought whether we should sell our home and head towards the countryside.  Excessive progress is not my cup of tea anymore; albeit it’s interesting to know what is going on.

Snapshot of an expansion of a street that used to divide Panama City and the Canal Zone. This is a typical example of the consistent construction work underway in the late Panama Canal Zone. The same thing is happening within downtown Panama City as well. Panama is being turned upside down even as we speak all over the country. Photo by ©Omar Upegui R.

Snapshot of a large sign announcing the inauguration of the Tryp Panamá Hotel-Albrook Mall. Many hotels are operating in this area of Panama City taking advantage of the views to the ships transiting through the Panama Canal. Photo by ©Omar Upegui R.

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El Mercado de Abastos is the main food depository in Panama City, where food from the countryside is stored for distribution to the population of the city.  This is where restaurants, small stores, homes, and hotels replenish their stocks of fresh food.  Supermarkets have their own private logistic systems.

This building used to house the Motor Transportation Division (MTD) before the Panama Canal Treaty of 1977 took effect.  It’s a rather large area where hundreds of trucks are received and unloaded daily with just about everything you can think of about food from the farmlands.

These installations are presently operated by the Municipality of Panama.  A system to bring refrigerated products from the highlands of Chiriqui is in the planning stages.  The goal is to cut waste and supply healthier products to the city dwellers.  The project is known as “Cadena del Frío”.  It’s a highly advanced and complex project which will need careful planning and heavy public investment.  It is very high in the government’s agenda.  However, I feel the project will have to be completed by the next administration, since we’re running out of time.

Below are several pictures of “Mercado de Abastos” in Panama City, Panama.

Partial view of the “Mercado de Abastos” in Panama City, Panama. During the week this place is buzzing with activity. Photo by ©Omar Upegui R.

Snapshot of the “Mercado de Abastos” to supply food from the countryside to the metropolis. The buildings in the background is a recently built housing project to furnish apartments to low-income workers of Panama. The housing project is known as ” Proyecto Curundú”. The monthly payment for these apartments is only $50.00 which is very reasonable. The project was designed in Spain and imported to Panama by the Ministry of Housing and Development. Photo by ©Omar Upegui R.

Photo by ©Omar Upegui R.

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After a long winter of 21 years under a military regime that almost destroyed our democratic system, we are currently blooming under a new and modern representative democracy.  Since the toppling of General Noriega in 1989, we have had three free elections, all supervised and organized by the Panama Tribunal Electoral.  All three events were true examples of democracy in action.

We are getting ready for our next national elections to be held on May 4, 2014.  The Tribunal Electoral is also planning to move to a new building before the political event takes place.  I was recently at the construction site and took a few shots of this large and elegant building.  It was designed to blend perfectly with the American built edifices in the late Panama Canal Zone.

The official creation of el Tribunal Electoral is October 24, 1956, even though it has been involved in political elections since January 5, 1904 with the birth of the republic.  El Tribunal Electoral has three magistrates (all lawyers) which will serve for a term of ten years.  We depend of this significant institution to guarantee fair and free democratic elections every five years.

Our current three magistrates appointed for a period of ten years are:

  1. Erasmo Pinilla Castillero
  2. Eduardo Valdés Escoffery
  3. Heriberto Arazúz Sánchez

As you can see in the pictures below, the building is still under construction.  It is scheduled to be ready before May 2014, just in time for our next national elections.

Notice of the building which will house el Tribunal de Elecciones of Panama sometime in 2014. It follows the architectural design of the Administration Building built by the Panama Canal Commission for the operation of the Panama Canal. Photo by ©Omar Upegui R.

Photo by ©Omar Upegui R.

I love the six impressive columns at the entrance of the regal building. Photo by ©Omar Upegui R.

The way I see it, this building will last at least a thousand years. It looks rock solid. Photo by ©Omar Upegui R.

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Credit: Microsoft Inc.

It was recently announced by a Microsoft’s spokesman, that the Redmond juggernaut would will end all support for the Windows XP operating system it launched in New York on October 25, 2001 in approximately 365 days.  Both Windows XP SP3 and Office 2003 will go out of support on April 8, 2014, and XP users will stop receiving any new security updates, hotfixes and support (free or paid) from Microsoft. Worldwide, just under 40 percent of all desktops and laptops still use XP today, according to the latest data from Net Applications’ NetMarketShare.

Microsoft already ended mainstream support for Windows XP back in April 2009, but continued to offer extended support for commercial customers and security updates for all customers.

After April 2014, Microsoft writes, using XP is an “at your own risk” situation for “any customers choosing not to migrate,” and migrating will likely become costlier the longer a business stays on XP.

I don’t feel the need to upgrade my XP operating system to either Windows 7 or Windows 8 no matter what they say.  “If it ain’t broke don’t fit it” is my motto.  I have an old HP desktop system with a maximum of 2 GB RAM and an aged graphics card which will not be able to handle Microsoft’s newest software.  As long as my computer system keeps purring, I intend to use Windows XP.  It’s a wonderful piece of software which has proved to be the best operating system Microsoft has ever come up with.  Nope, no upgrading for this old man.  Good Day.

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The law that Panama will shift to an all-metric system is slowly being implemented. Given that most products already have both metric and US Customary Units/Imperial measurements and most construction workers are bi-measural working in both inches and meters, the biggest impact will be that we will start buying gasoline, like most of the rest of the world, in liters.

As of Sunday, March 17, 2013, all fuels in Panama would be sold by the liter instead of the traditional U.S. gallon.  Javier Arias, director of the National Methodology Center of Panama (Cenamet), said the change in the conversion of gallons to liters does not represent in any way, shape or form, a price increase, it’s only changes the way you order the product.

Arias explained that all they are doing is converting the price per gallon with international conversion factor (3.78541178) to convert gallons to liters.

The service stations will work from March 17 until April 30 when full adaptation of the new system should by ready across the country On May 1, 2013, all fuel sales should be made using the liter as the unit of measurement to comply with the regulations of the World Trade Organization—WTO (Sistema Internacional de Unidad de Medidas de Panamá).

This adoption of liters is based on Law 52 of December 11, 2007 which allowed Panama a period of up to  five years to carry out the new system known as “Sistema Internacional de Unidad de Medidas de Panamá” (Panama International Measurements of Units).  It will be mandatory for all service stations to post their prices in liters with three decimal points to insure accuracy in the conversion of gallons to liters.

On March 21, I went out to the city to find out if the service stations were indeed changing to liters.  Not really, all the service stations visited were marketing their fuels in U.S. gallons as shown in the picture below.

BEFORE:

Snapshot of a Puma service station at the entrance El Bosque where we live, posting their fuels in U.S. gallons. This picture was taken on March 21, 2013. Photo by ©Omar Upegui R.

On April 2, 2013, I finally found out that all Puma service stations in Panama City had switched to the new metric system.  You could see their prices posted in liters with three decimal systems for the sake of accuracy.  Take a look.

AFTER:

Snapshot of a Puma service station posting its fuel prices in liters with three decimal systems in Panama City, Panama. I noticed not all service stations had made the switch. They have until April 30, 2013 to make the conversion or else they will be fined by the Panama government. Photo by ©Omar Upegui R.

Ricardo Martinelli, the current president of Panama, promised changes in Panama during his political campaign.  The guy has kept his word and is busy making all kinds of “cambios” in the country in a very short period of time.  I haven’t seen so many changes in Panama in my lifetime.  It’s absolutely mind-boggling.  Good Day.

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As of Sunday, March 17, 2013, all fuels in Panama will be sold by the liter instead of the traditional U.S. gallon.  Javier Arias, director of the National Methodology Center of Panama (Cenamet), said the change in the conversion of gallons to liters does not represent in any way, shape or form, a price increase, it’s only changes the way you order the product.

Arias explained that all they are doing is converting the price per gallon with international conversion factor (3.78541178) to convert gallons to liters.

The service stations will work from March 17 until April 30 when full adaptation of the new system should by ready across the country On May 1, 2013, all fuel sales should be made using the liter as the unit of measurement to comply with the regulations of the World Trade Organization—WTO (Sistema Internacional de Unidad de Medidas de Panamá).

This adoption of liters is based on Law 52 of December 11, 2007 which allowed Panama a period of up to  five years to carry out the new system known as “Sistema Internacional de Unidad de Medidas de Panamá (Panama International Measurements of Units).  It will be mandatory for all service stations to post their prices in liters with three decimal points to insure accuracy in the conversion of gallons to liters.

The Secretaría Nacional de Energía—SNE (National Energy Secretariat) published on its website, http://www.energia.gob.pa, fuel price caps that change every 15 days, and the price in gallons together with its conversion to liters. In Panama City, the price of a liter of 95 octane gasoline is $ 1,218 and one of light diesel oil is $ 1,036.

For your convenience, let me explain that a gallon is a measure of volume primarily used in the United States but also commonly used in many other English-speaking countries. Most other countries use “liters“—the metric unit of measure for volume.

The U.S. gallon is used in the United States and is equal to exactly 231 cubic inches or 3.785411784 liters.  The Imperial gallon or UK gallon is used in the United Kingdom and is equal to approximately 277.42 cubic inches. Its exact value is 4.54609 liters. One imperial gallon is about 1.2 U.S. gallons.

Yesterday I went to the Puma service station at the entrance of our neighborhood and the price of fuels was still posted in U.S. gallons.  At any moment the change will be made.  I’m good with numbers, so this change will mean nothing to me.  It’s all the same thing with different names and numbers.

Snapshot of fuel prices on March 17, 2013 at a Puma service station at the entrance of Residencial El Bosque showing prices in U.S. gallons. Soon they will change to liters according to the new regulations of the World Trade Organization. Photo by ©Omar Upegui R.

If you are planning a trip to Panama be prepared to find a new semantics for fuels in the country.  The current prices for fuels expressed in liters are:

  • Light Diesel Oil:  $1.028
  • Regular Gasoline:  $1.094
  • Super Gasoline:  $1.210

The same applies for other products as well.  We are gradually learning a brand new vocabulary, (e.g.,  grams, kilos, meters, liters and so forth).  Good Day.

Source:  Gallons to Liters Conversion

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Photograph of a typical scene of Iceland, the friendliest country in the world towards international tourism. Credit: Gadling.com

Tourism is a wonderful conduit to bring a steady flow of currency into a nation’s economy.  Countries like France, Greece, Spain, Monaco among other, depend of the flow of tourism to augment their economy.  For this to happen, it is imperative that the visitors feel at home in a foreign country.  It’s up to the people of these countries to make tourist comfortable; and that requires friendliness and a lot of warm human touch.

Have you ever been to a country that just seems to give tourists the cold shoulder? Now, there are some figures behind those unwelcome feelings; the World Economic Forum has put together a report that ranks countries based on how friendly they are to tourists.

The extensive analyses ranks 140 countries according to attractiveness and competitiveness in the travel and tourism industries. But one category, “attitude of population toward foreign visitors,” stands out.

According the survey, Bolivia, in South America, ranked as the most unfriendly country, scoring a 4.1 out of seven on a scale of “very unwelcome” (0) to “very welcome” (7).  Haiti scored the lowest on the competitiveness index.

Next on the list were Venezuela and the Russian Federation, followed by Kuwait, Latvia and Iran. On the opposite side of the scale were Iceland, New Zealand and Morocco, which were ranked the world’s most welcoming nations for visitors.

The United States (6th) topped the combined Americas, Singapore (10th) just pushed out Australia and New Zealand to lead the Asia-Pacific region, the United Arab Emirates (28th) was the highest performer in the Middle East and the Seychelles (38th) overtook Mauritius to head Africa.

Tourism infrastructure, business travel appeal, sustainable development of natural resources and cultural resources were some of the key factors in the rankings. Data was compiled from an opinion survey, as well as hard data from private sources and national and international agencies and organizations such as the World Bank/International Finance Corporation and United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), among others.

The report also emphasized the need for continued development in the travel and tourism sector, pointing out that the industry now accounts for one in 11 jobs worldwide.

Friendliest:

  1. Iceland  6.8
  2. New Zealand 6.8
  3. Morocco  6.7
  4. Macedonia 6.7
  5. Austria  6.7
  6. Senegal  6.7
  7. Portugal  6.6
  8. Bosnia and Herzegovina  6.6
  9. Ireland  6.6
  10. Burkina Faso  6.6

Least Friendly:

  1. Bolivia  4.1
  2. Venezuela  4.5
  3. Russian Federation  5.0
  4. Kuwait  5.2
  5. Latvia  5.2
  6.  Iran  5.2
  7. Pakistan  5.3
  8. Slovak Republic  5.5
  9. Bulgaria  5.5
  10. Mongolia  5.5have

The Panama Bureau of Tourism is working very hard to consolidate its tourism industry and we have come a long way since the Noriega days.  We still  to work on it.  Sometimes when I go out to a restaurant, drugstore, or a theater, I feel that we are not as friendly towards the customer as we should be.  I was impressed with the friendliness of the people in Colombia and Costa Rica when I visited these two countries several years ago.  I really felt at home when I was there.  Good Day.

Source:  World’s unfriendliest nations for tourists?—By Frances Cha, CNN

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